Anaaxes

Federal Assembly

The Federal Assembly is the national legislature of Anaaxes established by the Constitution of Anaaxes. It consists of the popularly-elected Federal Senate, which handles most legislative affairs, and the Federation Council, which primarily handles constitutional affairs and matters affecting the federal union or provincial competencies.

Federal Senate

Composition, Election, and Tenure

The Federal Senate consists of 500 Senators in total, 400 of which represent a single-member district of about 200,000 people, and are elected by instant-runoff voting to a term of four years, staggered so that half of the single-member district Senator seats (200) are up for election every two years. The remaining 100 Senators are elected nationally via closed party-list proportional representation to two-year terms. No person can be elected a Senator more than four times consecutively. Senators are elected by citizens that are at least 17 years of age on election day.

Qualifications, Compensation, and Privileges

A Federal Senator must be a citizen of Anaaxes of at least 18 years of age on or before election day. Senators representing single-member districts must be residents of their constituency and cannot be re-elected once they attain 72 years of age.

Senators receive a daily salary equivalent to the current federal minimum wage, telecommunications devices, business class airline travel vouchers depending on their distance from the Capital, free personal meals at the Capitol cafeteria, home alarm monitoring service, a bulletproof vehicle for personal and official use while in office, and a Capital housing stipend depending on financial need. They also receive a Capital and constituency office, a small salaried staff for constituent services, stationery, office equipment, and mail franking privileges for nonpartisan use.

Senators have parliamentary immunity for all statements made on the floor of the chamber or in a committee hearing and cannot be punished for it except by the Senate itself, to preserve decorum. Senators are also privileged from arrest, search, and civil processes while inside the Capitol and in going to and leaving from sessions of the Senate, except as waived by the Senate or its officers pursuant to law.

Powers of the Chamber

With a simple majority vote of the membership, it has the power to:

• Enact a federal law
• Jointly, with the Federation Council, enact a federal directive
• Ratify an agreement with a foreign nation or international organization made by the President
• Confirm the President's nominees for federal judges, federal chancellors, flag officers of the Armed Forces, non-flag nuclear officers of the Armed Forces, ambassadors, and other principal executive officers as defined by law
• Impeach a federal officer for incapacity, dereliction of duty, or malfeasance and refer them to either:
  • The Federation Council for trial and removal from office by a two-thirds vote
  • The national electorate for recall at a special election or the next regular election, with the consent of either a majority of the Federation Council or two-thirds of the Federal Constitutional Court

With a two-thirds majority vote of the membership, it has the power to:

• Ratify a treaty with a foreign nation or international organization made by the President
• Override a veto of the Federation Council of a federal law
• Propose or withdraw a proposed constitutional amendment to the Federation Council
• Expel a Federal Senator for incapacity, dereliction of duty, or malfeasance

Federation Council

Composition, Selection, and Tenure

The Federation Council currently consists of 124 Councillors, both elected or selected as follows:

Election or selection method		Federal Councillors	Term length
	Former Presidents not impeached and removed from office	4	Life
	Lieutenant Governors of each province and the Mayor of the Federal District	19	Ex officio
	Popularly elected by the citizens of each province and the Federal District (1-3 each, depending on population)	39	6 years
	Nationally elected by closed party-list proportional representation	24	4 years
	Elected by provincial legislatures and licensed to practice law or medicine in that province	18	4 years
	Elected by national labor unions (Voting power of unions depends on their membership)	20	2 years

Powers of the Chamber

With a simple majority vote of the membership, it has the power to:

• Jointly, with the Senate, enact a federal directive
• Jointly, with the Senate, enact a federal law regarding: the uniform date for federal elections; the granting or revocation of national citizenship; the composition or jurisdiction of the inferior federal courts; the creation or expansion of a capital offence; the location of the permanent seat of government; and the regulation of the security of or access to the meeting places of the Federal Assembly.
• Consent to a change in the borders of any province, at the request of the legislatures of the affected provinces
• Jointly, with the Senate, consent to the admission of a new province, or, the acquisition or annexation of a new territory
• Jointly, with the Senate, confirm the President's nominees for Chief Justice of Anaaxes, Attorney General of Anaaxes, Director of Federal Intelligence, Director of Federal Investigations, Federal Inspector General of Anaaxes, Archivist of Anaaxes, Comptroller General of Anaaxes, Commissioner of Government Ethics, Commissioner of Information Privacy, Chair of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, Ombudsman of the Armed Forces, Chair of the Federal Election Commission, Chair of the Federal Reserve Commission, Chair of the Postal Service Commission, Chair of the Federal Civil Service Commission, and Chair of the National Healthcare Service Commission
• Jointly, with the Senate, provide for a presidential line of succession after constitutional officers, and, for special intra-term presidential elections to fill a vacancy
• Consent to a recall election of a federal officer impeached by the Senate
• Appoint an Acting President in the event no person in the line of succession is alive or otherwise qualifies

With a two-thirds majority vote of the membership, it has the power to:

• Remove a federal officer following an impeachment trial
• Expel a Federal Councilor for incapacity, dereliction of duty, or malfeasance
• Void a presidential act of clemency for murder, treason, rebellion, espionage, sabotage, bribery, corruption, perjury, or obstruction of justice (within 10 years)
• Refer a proposed constitutional amendment passed by the Senate to the provincial legislatures for ratification

Federal Chancellery

President

Powers and Duties

The President derives their power from either two sources: powers vested in the presidency itself and powers vested in the Apostolic See of Serenno. Any President elected by a national popular vote is entitled to execute both types of powers freely. However, an un-elected acting president cannot execute apostolic powers without the countersignature of an Apostolic Commissioner.

Executive powers:

• See that the Constitution and laws of Anaaxes are executed
• Serve as commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Anaaxes
• Call and command provincial militias into federal service as provided for by law
• Nominate and commission federal chancellors, other principal federal executive officers, and most federal judges, with the exception of members of the Federal Constitutional Court
• Receive and accept credentials of foreign diplomats on behalf of Anaaxes; nominate and credential chargé d’affaires to foreign nations or international organizations
• Require the opinion of principal federal officers in writing
• Grant temporary respites and reprieves for all federal offenses and provincial felonies and capital offences

Apostolic powers:

• Grant commutations and pardons for federal offenses and provincial capital offenses (called an "Apostolic Intervention")
• Nominate and credential ambassadors plenipotentiary extraordinary to foreign nations or international organizations
• Send an Apostolic Observer to attend any sitting of a house or committee of a provincial legislature, a provincial court, a house or committee of the Federal Assembly, or a federal appellate court
• Send an Apostolic Visitor to visit, inspect, and audit any office or premises of any agency of the federal executive branch or any private or provincial institution receiving federal funds
• Make appointments to the Federal Constitutional Court

Federal Courts of Justice

Federal Constitutional Court

Composition, Selection, and Tenure

The Federal Constitutional Court consists of 12 Constitutional Regents. The Regents elect a Tribune of the People from among themselves every two years, which is the administrative head of the Court and who also presides over its sessions and conferences. Regents serve staggered terms of various lengths, depending on their selecting authority. If a vacancy occurs mid-term for a Regent seat, the original selecting authority will fill the vacancy with a new Regent who will serve for the remainder of the term. However, in case of vacancies of presidentially-appointed Regents where the nominating president is no longer in office, the Judicial Conference of Anaaxes prepares a pool of ten candidates for the President to fill the vacancy from.

Selection method	Special qualifications	Regents	Term length
Elected by two-thirds of the Federal Senate	Must currently be serving or have served as a judge on a federal or provincial court of record	2	6 years
Elected by two-thirds of the Federation Council	—	2	10 years
Elected by two-thirds of the Judicial Conference of Anaaxes	Must currently be serving as a judge on a federal or provincial court of record	2	12 years
Appointed by the President, subject to veto by two-thirds of the Federal Assembly (limit 1 appointment per elected presidential term)	—	6	24 years

Regent	Selection	Age at selection	Term began	Term ends	Prior offices or occupation
Mariano Ibarra-Smith	Apostolic appointment by President Katherine Pearson	X	X	X	X
Abigail Slaughter	Apostolic appointment by President Natalia Goldsmith	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036	43	Member of the City Council of the Federal District (1998-2002) Mayor of the Federal District (2002-2006) Ambassador to the North American Republics (2006-2010) Vice Chancellor, Department of Foreign Affairs, Human Rights Bureau (2010-2013)
Jonathan Krause	Apostolic appointment by President Jacob Blatchford	52	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036	Public Defender of Bayern County, San Marino (1985-1988) Member of the Provincial Legislature of San Marino (1988-1992) Judge of the Superior Court of San Marino, Bayern County (1992-1996) Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of San Marino (1996-2006) Judge of the Federal Court of Appeal, 7th Division (2007-2012)
Brianna Galloway	Apostolic appointment by President Isabella Lockhart	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036	49	Kentwell County, Serkonos Commissioner (1994-1998) Member of the Provincial Legislature of Serkonos (1998-2006) Speaker of the Provincial Legislature of Serkonos (2003-2006) Chair, National Public Health Service Commission (2006-2008)
Robert Harris Jr.	Apostolic appointment by President Marcus Kruikshank	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036	38	District Attorney of Ansler County, Whitewater (1998-2002) Member of the Federal Senate for Whitewater East (2002-2006) Chair, Senate Judiciary Committee (2004-2006) Attorney General of Anaaxes
Joanna Atlas	Apostolic appointment by President Nicholas Swearingen	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036
Walter Heinicke II	Elected by Judicial Conference of Anaaxes of 2015	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036
Andrea McCulloch	Elected by Judicial Conference of Anaaxes of 2005	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036
Gabriella Montenegro	Elected by Federation Council	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036
Elizabeth Irizarry	Elected by Federation Council	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036
Albert Shields	Elected by Federal Senate	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036
Katrina Preston	Elected by Federal Senate	May 31, 2012	May 31, 2036

Powers of the Court

With a simple majority vote of the membership, it has the power to:

• Reverse a decision or order of the Supreme Court of Anaaxes regarding constitutional interpretation and remand it to any level of the federal court system

With a two-thirds majority vote of the membership, it has the power to:

• Upon the petition of the Attorney General of Anaaxes and by a majority vote of the Federation Council, dissolve and declare a political organization or association unconstitutional under certain conditions provided for in the Constitution
• Upon the petition of either the Attorney General of Anaaxes or the Federal Inspector General of Anaaxes, dissolve and declare a religious organization or association unconstitutional under certain conditions provided for in the Constitution

Federal District Courts

Political offices
Preceded by Goncar	Minister of Foreign Affairs 6 June 2014 – 19 October 2014	Succeeded by Northern Inertia
Preceded by The Jasminia Islands	Minister of Immigration 19 October 2014 – 11 November 2014	Succeeded by Aertaseren
Preceded by Avaerilon	8th World Assembly Delegate 11 November 2014 – 13 August 2015	Succeeded by Northern Inertia
Preceded by Chameliya	9th Speaker of the Union 8 January 2016 – 2 July 2016	Succeeded by Lawattsia
Preceded by Cestlui	Minister of Domestic Affairs 15 July 2016 – 26 October 2016	Succeeded by Avaerilon
Preceded by Avaerilon	Minister of Foreign Affairs 26 October 2016 – 2 April 2017 Served alongside: Goncar	Succeeded by New Ireland and Wales
Preceded by Odd Republic	12th Speaker of the Union 2 September 2017 – 27 May 2018	Succeeded by Hirematia
Legal offices
Preceded by United Democracy of Scientists	Free Justice 14 August 2015 – 8 January 2016	Succeeded by Normandy and Picardy
Preceded by New Lettia	4th Chancellor 27 May 2018 – Present	Incumbent
Diplomatic posts
Preceded by X	Ambassador to the Democratic Socialist Assembly 30 June 2017 – 18 April 2018	Succeeded by X
Government offices
Preceded by Goncar	Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs 2 April 2017 – 21 June 2017 Served alongside: New Ireland and Wales	Succeeded by Freeland Newworldia
Preceded by Mintonity	Deputy Minister of Domestic Affairs 21 June 2017 – 2 September 2017 Served alongside: Courelli	Vacant Title next held by Hirematia